Abstract:
This study was conducted to review the traditional as well as modern techniques of
commercial cultivation of mushrooms that were studied and emphasized by previous
researchers worldwide. According to the previous researchers, mushrooms are
commonly known as functional foods because of their substantial nutritional, culinary,
and bioactive properties, and have a historical record of consumption that stretches back
to ancient eras. Around 300 species are suitable for consumption, of which almost 30
have been domesticated and 10 are grown for commercial purposes. Several types of
mushrooms are cultivated worldwide. In parallel several different types of commercial
mushroom species are cuffently being grown in Sri Lanka. The main varieties of
mushrooms cultivated in the country consist of button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)
and oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus). In addition, a recently introduced
commercial species called Makandura white (MK-white; Calocybe sp.) is also being
produced. Furthermore, the medicinal Reishi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) has
been effectively cultivated in Sri Lanka.Previous researchers have analyzed many
modern and traditional mushroom cultivation techniques and the different methods
used in each step of commercial mushroom production and how they differ from each
other and through this study, good knowledge can be obtained separately. According
to the researches most of the people use log culture, bag culture, and tray culture mainly
for the traditional cultivation of mushrooms and use different traditional techniques for
each step. Tray culture, bag culfure, log culture were widely used as traditional
techniques and various traditional techniques were used in different stages of
mushroom processing. Modern techniques such as climate controlled growing rooms,
tissue culture techniques, molecular biotechnology techniques have achieved economic
advantages over traditional techniques. Mushroom cultivation involves a range of
specialized techniques, such as sterilizing the substrate, inoculating spores, and using
growth chambers etc. Modern techniques are separate from traditional techniques.
Mushroom cultivation involves a range of specialized techniques, such as sterilizing
the substrate, inoculating spores, and using growth chambers etc.
