Abstract:
The growing global population has necessitated an increase in food production.
However, climate changes, such as heavy rainfall and fluctuating light conditions in
tropical and temperate regions, have driven a shift towards protected cultivation
systems like greenhouses integrated with artificial lighting. This study aims to
systematically review the existing literature on the evaluation of artificial lighting
technology in horticulture. Key components of artificial lighting, including light
spectrum, intensify, duration, and distance from plants, must be carefully managed to
optimize plant growth. A systematic review of existing literature identifies red and blue
light, as well as their combinations, as the most effective light pairings for horticulture
within the 400 nm to 700 nm wavelength range. Light intensities between 60
pmol'm2's-t and 600 pmol'm2's-r are commonly used in supplemental lighting,
particularly for lea$, vegetables. Controlled lighting conditions enhance plant
productivity by adjusting light duration, with treatments like short night breaks
promoting flowering in species such as Xanthium and Pharbftls. Light intensity also
varies based on the height and arrangement of lighting sources, with staggered grids
aligned with crop height ensuring uniform light distribution. Bibliometric analysis
identifies the trends, gaps, and patterns in the research on the effect of artificial lighting
on horticulture. Identifuing specific lighting requirements through systematic review
and bibliometric analysis is essential for addressing knowledge gaps in the field and
improving the effrcacy of artificial lighting in protected horticulture.
